Boiler.



G. WEGENER.

BOILER. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30. 1906'.

Patented Aug. 24, 1909. 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

G. WEGENER. BOILER. APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 30, 1906.

931,907. Patented Aug.24,1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ITEI) STATES PATENT OFFICE .GA'ZRL -WEGENER, OF QHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY.

BOILER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known .that I, CARL WVEGENE of =Charlottenburg, a subject of theKing of Prussia, and whose po'st-ofiice address is No. CharlottenburgervUfer, Charlottenburg, near Berlin, Prussia, German Empire, haveinvented new and .useful Improvements in Boilers, of .which thefollowing is a specification.

The present invention relates to a new boiler plant in which two or morevertical boilers are combined in such a way that one .or more primaryboilers arranged side by side are fired, and the products of combus-,tionor smoke gases are conducted from these boilers to oneor more mainor secondary boilers. The one or more secondary boilers which are notdirectly fired are arranged in such a way that the gas or smoke-tubes gothrough the entire boiler.

Vhile only one primary boiler and one secondary boiler has been shownand describedfit will be understood that two or more such primary andsecondary boilers arranged side by side may be employed and that theinvention is not therefore limited to an arrangement comprising a singleprimaryand a single secondary boiler.

Not only algreat utilization of heat results ,from the new plant, butalso a great'heating surface is obtained with a relatively small space.A number of members placed in the water-space serve for increasing thesurface, accelerate the evaporization, and are arranged in such a waythat the steam whichforms in them is conducted into the steamspacedirectly without having to pass .through columns of water.ater-separators are preferably provided in all the boilers of the plant,which separators prevent the water ,from being carried up into thesteams pace. The arrangement of those boilers in which the smoke-tubesreach from the upper to the lower end permits the arrangement of asuperheater in a casing formed over the boiler, so :that the products ofcombustion going fromthe one into the next boiler are ,able to beutilized simultaneously for the superheating of the steam generated inthe plant. Thusa plant is produced which gives ,dry and superheated-steam and complies with the heavy economic demands placed .upon it.

In 'orderthat the invention may bemore .elearly understood reference ismade to the accompanyingdrawings in which one em- Specification ofLetters Patent.

Application filed November 30, 1906.

Patented An 24, 1909.

Serial No. S t-5,756.

bodiment consisting sented.

In said drawings: Figure l is a vertical section through two verticalboilers situated side by side; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the constructionshown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line c-d of Fig.1; Figs. l and 5 are vertical sections of two constructional forms ofwater-tubes; Fig. 6 is a vertical elevation of a detail; Fig. 7 is aplan of the same; Fig. 8 is a vertical section ofa detail.

The primary boiler 1 is provided with a firing device of knownarrangement and has two bottoms 2 and 3. Lateral openings are providedin the bottom 2, whereas one central opening is provided in the bottom3. The secondary air is introduced through channels -{t. The products ofcombustion then pass from here into a furnace or firebox 5, hit againstthe crown a and are distributed here among the tubes. The boiler tubes 6may be arranged in any suitable manner.

The water-tube according to Fig. 4 consists of an outer tube 6 whichincloses a so called displacer G The latter consists of a pipeconcentric to the tube 6, the inner pipe being closed above and openbelow. A number of bridges or the like holds the pipe 6 in its correctposition. The tube 6 is fastened in the fire-box in any suitable manner.A continuation of the tube 6 projects at its upper end over the highestwater-level. As the displacer (3 is closed above and open below, aircollects in it so that the water entering from below rises upward in aringshaped column in the tube (3. The steam which forms then escapesthrough the continuation of the tube into the steam space. Helicallyshaped ribs (3 which are situated between the displacer 6 and the tube6, compel the water to rise upward in a long course. On account of thetube just described, the circulation of the water is more energetic andmore uniform than is the case in other arrangements. Namely the speed ofthe rising water is considerably greater at the circumference than inthe middlein a water-tube, as the quantity of water situ atedimmediately at the side of the tube is heated to a considerably highertemperature. The water which comes into contactwith the hot side of thetube is therefore lighter than that in the center. The moving waterwould have different speeds and would be of two boilers is repredrawntoward the center as a result of this. This disadvantage is avoided bythe arrangement of the displacer just described, as the water rises upin the form of a hollow column, and the water in the center is done awaywith. The central tube or displacer 6 is open below so that air canenter into it. In this manner the displacer may be made very thin. I

In Fig. 5 another tube, namely a so-called field-tube, is representedwhich consists of three tubes 6, 6 6 which'are concentric one toanother. An elbow 6 is provided in an upper continuation of the tube 6,into which the most central tube 6 opens. A jacketing pipe 6 is arrangedround this tube, the latter having a conical stopper below which isprovided with openings o The latter are alternately bent toward theoutside and toward the inside, whereby guiding surfaces are produced forthe water. The pipe 6 may be provided with helical ribs 6" in suitablemanner just as the tube according to Fig. 4. The water enters throughthe elbow 6 and goes downward through the tube 6 It then goes throughthe openings 6 into the tube 6 in which it is evaporated. The steam thengoes through an upper continuation into the steam space, thecontinuation likewise projecting over the highest water-level, as in thecase of the tube previously described.

A layer of air is between the tubes 6 and 6 which serves for separatingthe stream of water and steam and thus acts favorably on the circulationand 011 the formation of steam.

A pipe 7 goes from the lire-box to the uppermost part of the shell ofthe boiler; a cover closes the pipe tightly during working. Thewaterspace of the boiler 1 is connected with that of the secondaryboiler 11 through pipes 8. A channel 9 connects the fire-box 5 with acasing 10 which is formed on the upper part of the boiler 11.Smoke-tubes or gas-tubes 12 are provided in the latter which reach fromthe upper cover to the bottom of the boiler. The exhaust channel isjoined to the latter. A helically twisted strip of iron 12 (Fig. 8) isprovided in each tube 12, the breadth of which corresponds to theinternal diameter of the tube. This iron is fastened by a fork-shapedscrew-bolt to a ring situated underneath the boiler. A system of leversserves for raising or lowering the strips 12 for the purpose of cleaningthe tubes 12 (Figs. 1 and 8). A jacket lt is provided in the boiler 1which rests on pins 15. This jacket, which divides the water-space to acertain extent into two parts, carries a number of receptacles 16 whichserve for enlarging the surface and for accelerating the evaporization.Tubes 17 lead. from the receptacles 16 into the steam-space. Similarreceptacles 18 are arranged in the boiler 11 from which tubes 19 go tothe steam-space. Cases or sleeves 18 are provided in the receptacles 18through which the tubes 19 pass. Both the tubes 17 as well as the tubes19 project over the highest water level. A pipe 20 is situated on theupper cover of the boiler 11 which opens into a steam collector 21. Thesteam collector 21 is connected with the steam-space of the boiler 1through a pipe 22. Two plates 23 and 24 are provided in the boiler l.The plate 23 does not extend close up to the sides of the boiler andlikewise leaves openings around the pipe 7. Ribs 25 are formed in theupper plate 24 which converge together toward the sides of the boiler.(See Fig. 2). These ribs are inclined to the vertical and form channels.A pipe 26 bent into an arc of a circle is situated below the top of theboiler 1 and is provided with holes through which the steam can enter.This pipe opens into a pipe 27 which is connected with a pipe 28 througha connecting piece. The pipe 28 communicates with the pipe 29 which isin the form of an arc of a circle and is connected with the elements 30and 31 of the superheater. The elements 31 consist of a number of tubesbent into arcs of circles, whereas the elements 30 have the shapes asshown in Figs. 1, 3, l and The steam is conveye from the superheaterthrough the pipe 29 and the conduit 32 to the place of consumption.collector 21 is provided with a water separator. A cap is provided atthe upper end of the pipe 20, over which a perforated plate 351 issituated. So much space remains between the lower edge of the cap 33 andthe pipe 20 that the steam and any water carried with it can passbetween both. The steam rises upward through the holes of the plate 34,whereas the water is led away through pipes 35 which project into thewater-space of the boiler. The feeding device 87 is provided in thelower junctionpiece of the boiler 11, over which a plate 38 is situated,so that the water which enters the boiler is distributed in the same.

Also the steam The manner of working the entire plant is as follows :Theproducts of combustion pass first through the lateral openings of thebottom 2, then through the central opening of the bottom 3 into thefire-box 50f the boiler 1, where they impinge against the crown 1 flowaround the tubes 6 and reach the casing 10 of the second boiler by thetube 9. Here they flow around and play upon the elements 30 of thesuperheater and rise upward against the outer surfaces of the tubes 31.Then they pass around the surface of the uppermost tube and go throughthe smokeor gas-tubes 12 which pass through the entire boiler 11 to theexhaust channel 13. Thus they leave at the coldest part of the boilersystem. In consevided in the steam-chamber.

quence of the iron strips 12 the hot gases must traverse a longer paththan otherwise and, moreover, the neutral zone of the stream of gas isbroken up. In this way both parts of the stream of gas give off moreheat. The tubes can be cleaned during working by raising and loweringthe iron strips 12 by means of a suitable system of levers. By thisarrangement the heat is able to be turned to the best account. The steamwhich forms in the boiler tubes 6 is conducted directly into thesteam-space. The jacket 1st divides the water space, as it were, intotwo parts. Inside the jacket the hot water rises upward, whereas outsidethe cold water falls down. The vessels 16 serve for enlarging thesuperficial area. The tubes 17 are so fastened in the vessels 16 thatsufficiently great intermediate space remains between the opening of thetubes and the cover of the vessels, so that the inclosed air cannotescape. Hereby a surface anda space are formed in each vessel 16, thespace serving for receiving the steam which formed. As soon as the steamhas reached the opening of the pipe 17, it enters the same and risingupward escapes into the steam chamber. The receptacles 16 thus serve forenlarging the surface, whereas the tubes 17 permit the steam to rise upwithout the necessity of its making its way first through the water. Nowas it happens that the steam carries water with it, the water separatorconsisting of the two plates 23 and 25 is pro- T he steam and the watercarried with it hit, in the first place, on the lower plate 23 and riseupward along the pipe 7. Then they strike against the plate 24. Thewater thus carried away by the steam goes along the slanting ribs 25,which approach one another toward the sides of the boiler, and therefalls downward through the space between the plate 23 and theboiler-jacket. The steam goes upward through a correspondingintermediate space which is formed between the upper plate 24: and theside of the boiler. An action similar to that which takes place in thereceptacles 16 also takes place in the vessels 18 of the boiler 11. Thesteam which is formed is conducted through the tubes 19 to the upperpart of the pipe 20; it goes from here into the steam collector 21. Inthe first place the cap 33 compels the steam and any water carried withit to go downward. The water collects on the bottom of the collector 21and is led back through the tubes into the boiler, whereas the steam isconveyed through the perforations of the plate 34 into the upper part ofthe steam collector, and from here through the pipe 22 into the steamchamber of the boiler 1. An annular pipe 26 is provided in the latterwhich has a large number of holes at its upper part. The steam then goesthrough the latter holes in many small jets on a large surface into thepipe 26; it is then conducted further through the pipe 27 and goesthrough the pipe 28 into the superheater through which it flows. Thereonthe steam goes into an annular pipe 29 and, lastly, passes through thepipe 32 to the place of consumption. Thus not only as great anevaporation as possible takes place, but the steam is also led away fromthe boiler dry and superheated, although the whole plant only occupiesan exceedingly small space.

\Vhile the construction of parts which is preferred has been describedin the foregoing specification, it is to be understood that numerouschanges of construction and operation may be made without departing fromthe spirit and scope of the invention, and it is therefore not to beunderstood as limited by the positive terms employed in connection withthe description, excepting such as the state of the art may require.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patentof the UnitedStates, is

1. The combination of a primary boiler provided with furnaces, and asecondary boiler provided with gas tubes passing from end to end of eachboiler, and a casing formed on the upper part of the secondary boilerinto which said gas tubes open, and a channel connecting the fire box ofthe primary boiler with the casing.

2. In a primary boiler of the type de scribed, the combination of 'avertical cylindrical outer shell with a cylindrical jacket (14) in thewater space and a plurality of vessels in the water space provided withtubes passing to the point above the highest water level, for thepurpose of collecting the steam and conducting the same to the steamspace.

3. In a primary boiler of the type described the combination of the pipe(7), two plates (23, 24) surrounding said pipe, the lower plate (23)having an opening in proximity to said pipe, but contacting at itsperiphery with the boiler shell, and the upper plate 21- contacting withthe pipe 7, but not extending as far as the boiler shell.

4. In a primary boiler of the type described, the combination of thepipe (7), two plates (23, 24) surrounding said pipe, the lower plate(23) having an opening in proximity to said pipe, but contacting at itsperiphery with the boiler shell, and the upper plate (24) contactingwith the pipe (7), but not extending as far as the boiler shell, ribs(25) being provided on said upper plate.

5. In a boiler plant of the type described, the combination of a primaryboiler provided with a furnace and having independent sets of steamtubes and a steam-chamber common thereto, a secondary boiler, asteamcollector connected therewith, and means connecting saidsteam-collector With said steam-chamber of the primary boiler.

(3. In a secondary boiler of the type described, the combination of asteam-collector, a Water-separator arranged therein, and tubes connectedwith the latter and extending into the Water space of the boiler for thepurposes of conducting Water back into the boiler.

7. The combination of a primary boiler provided with a furnace and asecondary boiler provided With gas tubes passing from end to endthereof, and a casing formed on the upper part of the secondary boilerinto which said gas tubes open, a superheater located in said casing anda channel connecting the fire bsx of the primary boiler \vlth thecaslng.

8. The combination of a primary boiler provided with furnaces, and asecondary boiler provided With gas tubes passin from end to end of theboiler, and a casing ormed on the upper part of the secondary boilerinto which said gas tubes open, a channel connecting the fire boX of theprimary boiler With the casing, and a channel connecting the Water spaceof the primary boiler With the secondary boiler.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing Witnesses.

CARL WEGENER,

Vitnesses HENRY HAsPER, VOLDEMAR HAUPT.

